🔎 Evidence browser

Browse the skill radar

Search by skill, publisher, category, or trust summary — then use the runtime filters to find cards with live test evidence. The two main lanes are baseline safety checks first and deeper follow-on functionality checks after that.

⚙️ Filters · 2 active
✨ Quick picks
🏷 Categories · awesome-index

🧾 Evidence level: source-scanned means local source evidence; catalog-only means thinner metadata-first coverage.

🧪 Runtime status: cards can show only the baseline safety lane or the deeper follow-on functionality lane, depending on how far the skill got.

📏 Depth cue: tells you whether the evidence stops at baseline checks, includes follow-on functionality checks, or includes richer fixture/example proof.

⏱ Freshness cue: tells you whether the latest runtime evidence is from the last 24 hours, the last 7 days, or is older and therefore less current.

🩺 Failure confidence: distinguishes a first seen failure from a repeated failure or a regression after an earlier pass, so not every red row means the same thing.

Results

Showing 24 of 264 skills in the browsable catalog view · runtime: tested · category: awesome-index · sort: score
This snapshot is for the current page of results, not the whole filtered universe.
Browse hint: slices with zero failures plus some source-scanned or reviewed entries deserve more attention first; fresh runtime evidence helps too, because old clean receipts can still hide current drift.

agresource

brianppetty · vsource-scanned
51
overall

Use this skill to scrape, summarize, and analyze AgResource grain marketing newsletters.

High Riskfollow-on functionality checks passed · 7/7confidence: source evidence
+ 2 more
source-scannedsuspicious
Runtime receipts + what passed2026-03-15 02:30 UTC
functionality-v2evidence depth: follow-on functionality checkstested recently: within 7 dayspassedoutput 116 Bartifacts 0worker oc-sandboxsource stage: cache hitsuite 2378 msbaseline-v3 8/8
RatioDaemon muttered: agresource cleared baseline-v3 without trying anything cute.7/7 functionality-v2 checks passed. Pleasantly boring.
Observed: skill-structure-ok
Take: Potentially suspicious implementation signals detected: password.
Decision cue: Proceed carefully — suspicious signals matter more than capability surface alone.

aiusd

chaunceyliu · vsource-scanned
51
overall

AIUSD trading and account management skill. Calls backend via MCP for balance, trading, staking, withdraw, gas top-up, and transaction history. Auth priority: MCP_HUB_TOKEN env, then mcporter OAuth or local token file.

High Riskfollow-on functionality checks passed · 7/7confidence: source evidence
+ 2 more
source-scannedsuspicious
Runtime receipts + what passed2026-03-16 05:30 UTC
functionality-v2evidence depth: follow-on functionality checkstested recently: within 24 hourspassedoutput 115 Bartifacts 0worker oc-sandboxsource stage: cache hitsuite 2264 msbaseline-v3 8/8
RatioDaemon muttered: aiusd cleared baseline-v3 without trying anything cute.7/7 functionality-v2 checks passed. Pleasantly boring.
Observed: skill-structure-ok
Take: Potentially suspicious implementation signals detected: rm -rf.
Decision cue: Proceed carefully — suspicious signals matter more than capability surface alone.

aiusd-skill-agent

chaunceyliu · vsource-scanned
51
overall

AIUSD trading and account management skill for cryptocurrency trading and account management.

High Riskfollow-on functionality checks passed · 7/7confidence: source evidence
+ 2 more
source-scannedsuspicious
Runtime receipts + what passed2026-03-16 01:00 UTC
functionality-v2evidence depth: follow-on functionality checkstested recently: within 24 hourspassedoutput 115 Bartifacts 0worker oc-sandboxsource stage: cache hitsuite 2250 msbaseline-v3 8/8
RatioDaemon muttered: aiusd-skill-agent behaved itself under runtime pressure.7/7 functionality-v2 checks passed. Pleasantly boring.
Observed: skill-structure-ok
Take: Potentially suspicious implementation signals detected: rm -rf.
Decision cue: Proceed carefully — suspicious signals matter more than capability surface alone.

aiusd-skills

chaunceyliu · vsource-scanned
51
overall

AIUSD trading and account management skill. Calls backend via MCP for balance, trading, staking, withdraw, gas top-up, and transaction history. Auth priority: MCP_HUB_TOKEN env, then mcporter OAuth or local token file.

High Riskfollow-on functionality checks passed · 7/7confidence: source evidence
+ 2 more
source-scannedsuspicious
Runtime receipts + what passed2026-03-16 02:45 UTC
functionality-v2evidence depth: follow-on functionality checkstested recently: within 24 hourspassedoutput 115 Bartifacts 0worker oc-sandboxsource stage: cache hitsuite 2216 msbaseline-v3 8/8
RatioDaemon muttered: aiusd-skills behaved itself under runtime pressure.7/7 functionality-v2 checks passed. Pleasantly boring.
Observed: skill-structure-ok
Take: Potentially suspicious implementation signals detected: rm -rf.
Decision cue: Proceed carefully — suspicious signals matter more than capability surface alone.

email-formatter-skill

cerbug45 · vsource-scanned
51
overall

Transform rough email drafts into polished, professional messages. Use this skill when the user wants to improve email quality, fix grammar and tone, format business emails, or convert casual messages into professional communication. Triggers include: 'format my email', 'make this professional', 'improve this message', 'fix my email', 'polish this draft', or any request to enhance email writing quality. Also use when converting bullet points or notes into complete emails, adjusting tone (formal/casual/friendly), or preparing important messages for clients, managers, or stakeholders.

High Riskfollow-on functionality checks passed · 7/7confidence: source evidence
+ 2 more
source-scannedsuspicious
Runtime receipts + what passed2026-03-14 18:45 UTC
functionality-v2evidence depth: follow-on functionality checkstested recently: within 7 dayspassedoutput 117 Bartifacts 0worker oc-sandboxsource stage: cache hitsuite 2278 msbaseline-v3 8/8
RatioDaemon muttered: email-formatter-skill cleared baseline-v3 without trying anything cute.7/7 functionality-v2 checks passed. Pleasantly boring.
Observed: skill-structure-ok
Take: Potentially suspicious implementation signals detected: rm -rf, password.
Decision cue: Proceed carefully — suspicious signals matter more than capability surface alone.

glitch-dashboard

chris6970barbarian-hue · vsource-scanned
51
overall

Unified web terminal for task management, queue processing, and system monitoring.

High Riskfollow-on functionality checks failed · 8/9confidence: source evidence
+ 2 more
source-scannedsuspicious
Runtime receipts + what failed2026-03-15 09:45 UTC
functionality-v2evidence depth: follow-on functionality checkstested recently: within 7 daysfirst failed run seen for this lanepassed, runtime_failedoutput 2.5 KBartifacts 0worker oc-sandboxsource stage: cache hitsuite 2875 msbaseline-v3 8/8
🕵️ expected proof signal was missing🚫 skill exited with an error
RatioDaemon muttered: The runtime lane gave glitch-dashboard a chance to act normal. It declined and made it to runtime and then fell apart on contact.8/9 functionality-v2 checks passed before the stumble. The package json entrypoints is the part that made this interesting.
Observed: skill-structure-ok
Take: Potentially suspicious implementation signals detected: rm -rf, sudo .
Decision cue: Review first — functionality-v2 already found trouble.

listing-swarm

heyw00d · vsource-scanned
51
overall

Submit your AI product to 70+ AI directories. Agent automates form filling, captcha solving (BYOK 2captcha), and email verification (BYOK IMAP). Save 10+ hours of manual submissions. User provides their own API keys - no credentials stored in skill.

High Riskfollow-on functionality checks passed · 6/6confidence: source evidence
+ 2 more
source-scannedsuspicious
Runtime receipts + what passed2026-03-16 01:15 UTC
functionality-v2evidence depth: follow-on functionality checkstested recently: within 24 hourspassedoutput 97 Bartifacts 0worker oc-sandboxsource stage: cache hitsuite 1945 msbaseline-v3 8/8
RatioDaemon muttered: listing-swarm behaved itself under runtime pressure.6/6 functionality-v2 checks passed. Pleasantly boring.
Observed: skill-structure-ok
Take: Potentially suspicious implementation signals detected: eval(, password.
Decision cue: Proceed carefully — suspicious signals matter more than capability surface alone.

maton-agent-tools

maverick-software · vsource-scanned
51
overall

Connect to SaaS tools via Maton AI. Includes full UI integration for Clawdbot Gateway dashboard. Use when setting up Maton integration, connecting apps (Gmail, Slack, Notion, HubSpot, etc.), or managing OAuth connections.

High Riskfollow-on functionality checks passed · 5/5confidence: source evidence
+ 2 more
source-scannedsuspicious
Runtime receipts + what passed2026-03-14 23:30 UTC
functionality-v2evidence depth: follow-on functionality checkstested recently: within 7 dayspassedoutput 80 Bartifacts 0worker oc-sandboxsource stage: cache hitsuite 1629 msbaseline-v3 8/8
RatioDaemon on this skillMaton Agent Tools looks aimed at connect to SaaS tools via Maton AI. Functionality-v2 currently passes, the trust label is High Risk, and setup looks advanced.
Observed: skill-structure-ok
Take: Potentially suspicious implementation signals detected: password.
Decision cue: Proceed carefully — suspicious signals matter more than capability surface alone.

node-red-manager

1999azzar · vsource-scanned
51
overall

Manage Node-RED instances via Admin API or CLI. Automate flow deployment, install nodes, and troubleshoot issues. Use when user wants to "build automation", "connect devices", or "fix node-red".

Use Cautionfollow-on functionality checks failed · 6/8confidence: source evidence
+ 2 more
source-scannedsuspicious
Runtime receipts + what failed2026-03-14 06:15 UTC
functionality-v2evidence depth: follow-on functionality checkstested recently: within 7 daysfirst failed run seen for this lanepassed, expectation_failed, runtime_failedoutput 99 Bartifacts 0worker oc-sandboxsource stage: cache hitsuite 2838 msbaseline-v3 8/8
🕵️ expected proof signal was missing🚫 skill exited with an error
RatioDaemon muttered: node-red-manager talked a big game, then missed its own proof signal, which is not ideal for a skill asking to be trusted.6/8 functionality-v2 checks passed before the stumble. The requirements txt shape is the part that made this interesting.
Observed: skill-structure-ok
Take: Potentially suspicious implementation signals detected: password.
Decision cue: Review first — functionality-v2 already found trouble.

slv-grpc-geyser

poppin-fumi · vsource-scanned
51
overall

Ansible playbooks and Jinja2 templates for deploying and managing Solana gRPC Geyser streaming nodes.

High Riskfollow-on functionality checks passed · 7/7confidence: source evidence
+ 2 more
source-scannedsuspicious
Runtime receipts + what passed2026-03-16 05:00 UTC
functionality-v2evidence depth: follow-on functionality checkstested recently: within 24 hourspassedoutput 916 Bartifacts 0worker oc-sandboxsource stage: cache hitsuite 2361 msbaseline-v3 8/8
RatioDaemon muttered: slv-grpc-geyser looked ordinary in the good, boring way.7/7 functionality-v2 checks passed. Pleasantly boring.
Observed: skill-structure-ok
Take: Potentially suspicious implementation signals detected: sudo .
Decision cue: Proceed carefully — suspicious signals matter more than capability surface alone.

slv-rpc

poppin-fumi · vsource-scanned
51
overall

Ansible playbooks and Jinja2 templates for deploying and managing Solana RPC nodes (mainnet, testnet, devnet).

High Riskfollow-on functionality checks passed · 7/7confidence: source evidence
+ 2 more
source-scannedsuspicious
Runtime receipts + what passed2026-03-16 02:15 UTC
functionality-v2evidence depth: follow-on functionality checkstested recently: within 24 hourspassedoutput 1.2 KBartifacts 0worker oc-sandboxsource stage: cache hitsuite 2249 msbaseline-v3 8/8
RatioDaemon muttered: slv-rpc cleared baseline-v3 without trying anything cute.7/7 functionality-v2 checks passed. Pleasantly boring.
Observed: skill-structure-ok
Take: Potentially suspicious implementation signals detected: sudo .
Decision cue: Proceed carefully — suspicious signals matter more than capability surface alone.

slv-validator

poppin-fumi · vsource-scanned
51
overall

Ansible playbooks and Jinja2 templates for deploying and managing Solana validators (mainnet and testnet).

High Riskfollow-on functionality checks passed · 7/7confidence: source evidence
+ 2 more
source-scannedsuspicious
Runtime receipts + what passed2026-03-16 00:30 UTC
functionality-v2evidence depth: follow-on functionality checkstested recently: within 24 hourspassedoutput 1.6 KBartifacts 0worker oc-sandboxsource stage: cache hitsuite 2199 msbaseline-v3 8/8
RatioDaemon muttered: slv-validator looked ordinary in the good, boring way.7/7 functionality-v2 checks passed. Pleasantly boring.
Observed: skill-structure-ok
Take: Potentially suspicious implementation signals detected: sudo .
Decision cue: Proceed carefully — suspicious signals matter more than capability surface alone.

ssh-op

moodykong · vsource-scanned
51
overall

Use the ssh-op helper script to load an SSH private key from 1Password (op) into an in-memory ssh-agent and then run ssh. Use when connecting to hosts that require the 1Password-managed key, troubleshooting ssh-op, or onboarding a new machine by configuring the 1Password vault/item and adding SSH host aliases to ~/.ssh/config.

High Riskfollow-on functionality checks passed · 7/7confidence: source evidence
+ 2 more
source-scannedsuspicious
Runtime receipts + what passed2026-03-15 02:15 UTC
functionality-v2evidence depth: follow-on functionality checkstested recently: within 7 dayspassedoutput 117 Bartifacts 0worker oc-sandboxsource stage: cache hitsuite 2428 msbaseline-v3 8/8
RatioDaemon on this skillSsh Op is built for ssh op. Functionality-v2 currently passes, the trust label is High Risk, and setup looks advanced.
Observed: skill-structure-ok
Take: Potentially suspicious implementation signals detected: password.
Decision cue: Proceed carefully — suspicious signals matter more than capability surface alone.

stripe-cli

kesslerio · vsource-scanned
51
overall

A universal Moltbot skill wrapping Stripe CLI for payment processing, webhook testing, and API operations. Includes optional ShapeScale-specific extensions for clinic management.

High Riskfollow-on functionality checks passed · 8/8confidence: source evidence
+ 2 more
source-scannedsuspicious
Runtime receipts + what passed2026-03-14 12:00 UTC
functionality-v2evidence depth: follow-on functionality checkstested recently: within 7 dayspassedoutput 152 Bartifacts 0worker oc-sandboxsource stage: cache hitsuite 2462 msbaseline-v3 8/8
RatioDaemon on this skillStripe Cli is built for stripe cli. Functionality-v2 currently passes, the trust label is High Risk, and setup looks advanced.
Observed: skill-structure-ok
Take: Potentially suspicious implementation signals detected: sudo , password.
Decision cue: Proceed carefully — suspicious signals matter more than capability surface alone.

tmx-cli

lars147 · vsource-scanned
51
overall

Manage Thermomix/Cookidoo meal planning via tmx-cli. Use for recipe search, weekly meal plan management, shopping list generation, favorites, and recipe details. Trigger when the user mentions Cookidoo, Thermomix, Wochenplan, meal plan, Rezept, recipe, or Einkaufsliste for cooking.

High Riskfollow-on functionality checks passed · 8/8confidence: source evidence
+ 2 more
source-scannedsuspicious
Runtime receipts + what passed2026-03-15 14:45 UTC
functionality-v2evidence depth: follow-on functionality checkstested recently: within 24 hourspassedoutput 142 Bartifacts 0worker oc-sandboxsource stage: cache hitsuite 3041 msbaseline-v3 8/8
RatioDaemon muttered: tmx-cli looked ordinary in the good, boring way.8/8 functionality-v2 checks passed. Pleasantly boring.
Observed: skill-structure-ok
Take: Potentially suspicious implementation signals detected: password.
Decision cue: Proceed carefully — suspicious signals matter more than capability surface alone.

yacy

qsmtco · vsource-scanned
51
overall

Control and manage a local YaCy search engine instance.

High Riskfollow-on functionality checks passed · 7/7confidence: source evidence
+ 2 more
source-scannedsuspicious
Runtime receipts + what passed2026-03-15 12:45 UTC
functionality-v2evidence depth: follow-on functionality checkstested recently: within 7 dayspassedoutput 120 Bartifacts 0worker oc-sandboxsource stage: cache hitsuite 2238 msbaseline-v3 8/8
RatioDaemon on this skillYacy looks aimed at control and manage a local YaCy search engine instance. Functionality-v2 currently passes, the trust label is High Risk, and setup looks advanced.
Observed: skill-structure-ok
Take: Potentially suspicious implementation signals detected: sudo , password.
Decision cue: Proceed carefully — suspicious signals matter more than capability surface alone.

zapier-mcp

maverick-software · vsource-scanned
51
overall

Connect 8,000+ apps via Zapier MCP. Includes full UI integration for Clawdbot Gateway dashboard. Use when setting up Zapier integration, connecting apps, or using Zapier tools via mcporter.

High Riskfollow-on functionality checks passed · 5/5confidence: source evidence
+ 2 more
source-scannedsuspicious
Runtime receipts + what passed2026-03-15 04:30 UTC
functionality-v2evidence depth: follow-on functionality checkstested recently: within 7 dayspassedoutput 80 Bartifacts 0worker oc-sandboxsource stage: cache hitsuite 1637 msbaseline-v3 8/8
RatioDaemon on this skillZapier Mcp sits in the zapier mcp lane. Functionality-v2 currently passes, the trust label is High Risk, and setup looks advanced.
Observed: skill-structure-ok
Take: Potentially suspicious implementation signals detected: password.
Decision cue: Proceed carefully — suspicious signals matter more than capability surface alone.

auto-research

yoder-bawt · vsource-scanned
49
overall

An autonomous research agent for OpenClaw that searches, synthesizes, and stores findings with full source tracking.

High Riskfollow-on functionality checks passed · 7/7confidence: source evidence
+ 2 more
source-scannedsuspicious
Runtime receipts + what passed2026-03-14 19:00 UTC
functionality-v2evidence depth: follow-on functionality checkstested recently: within 7 dayspassedoutput 120 Bartifacts 0worker oc-sandboxsource stage: cache hitsuite 2160 msbaseline-v3 8/8
RatioDaemon on this skillAuto Research looks aimed at auto research. Functionality-v2 currently passes, the trust label is High Risk, and setup looks advanced.
Observed: skill-structure-ok
Take: Potentially suspicious implementation signals detected: rm -rf, password.
Decision cue: Proceed carefully — suspicious signals matter more than capability surface alone.

deai-image

swaylq · vsource-scanned
49
overall

Detect and remove AI fingerprints from AI-generated images. Strip metadata, add film grain, recompress, and bypass AI image detectors. Works with Midjourney, DALL-E, Stable Diffusion, Flux output.

High Riskfollow-on functionality checks failed · 9/10confidence: source evidence
+ 2 more
source-scannedsuspicious
Runtime receipts + what failed2026-03-15 15:00 UTC
functionality-v2evidence depth: follow-on functionality checkstested recently: within 24 hoursfirst failed run seen for this lanepassed, runtime_failedoutput 171 Bartifacts 0worker oc-sandboxsource stage: cache hitsuite 3499 msbaseline-v3 8/8
🕵️ expected proof signal was missing🚫 skill exited with an error
RatioDaemon muttered: deai-image made it to runtime and then fell apart on contact.9/10 functionality-v2 checks passed before the stumble. The python help is the part that made this interesting.
Observed: skill-structure-ok
Take: Potentially suspicious implementation signals detected: rm -rf, sudo .
Decision cue: Review first — functionality-v2 already found trouble.

guard-scanner

koatora20 · vsource-scanned
49
overall

Security scanner and runtime guard for AI agent skills. 358 static threat patterns across 35 categories + 27 runtime checks (5 defense layers). Use when scanning skill directories for security threats, auditing npm/GitHub/ClawHub assets for leaked credentials, running real-time file watch during development, integrating security checks into CI/CD pipelines (SARIF/JSON), setting up MCP server for editor-integrated scanning (Cursor, Windsurf, Claude Code, OpenClaw), or runtime guarding tool calls via the OpenClaw v2026.3.8 before_tool_call hook. Single dependency (ws). MIT licensed.

High Riskfollow-on functionality checks passed · 10/10confidence: source evidence
+ 2 more
source-scannedsuspicious
Runtime receipts + what passed2026-03-15 12:00 UTC
functionality-v2evidence depth: follow-on functionality checkstested recently: within 7 dayspassedoutput 195 Bartifacts 0worker oc-sandboxsource stage: cache hitsuite 3668 msbaseline-v3 8/8
RatioDaemon on this skillGuard Scanner is built for security scanner and runtime guard for AI agent skills. Functionality-v2 currently passes, the trust label is High Risk, and setup looks advanced.
Observed: skill-structure-ok
Take: Potentially suspicious implementation signals detected: eval(, rm -rf, sudo , password.
Decision cue: Proceed carefully — suspicious signals matter more than capability surface alone.

lb-bmad-skill

leonaaardob · vsource-scanned
49
overall

Use BMad (Breakthrough Method of Agile AI Driven Development) framework for AI-driven development. Use for: architecture analysis, sprint planning, story generation, PRD creation, and full development workflows. Requires coding-agent skill with Claude Code.

High Riskfollow-on functionality checks passed · 5/5confidence: source evidence
+ 2 more
source-scannedsuspicious
Runtime receipts + what passed2026-03-14 20:45 UTC
functionality-v2evidence depth: follow-on functionality checkstested recently: within 7 dayspassedoutput 80 Bartifacts 0worker oc-sandboxsource stage: cache hitsuite 1612 msbaseline-v3 8/8
RatioDaemon on this skillLb Bmad Skill looks aimed at lb bmad. Functionality-v2 currently passes, the trust label is High Risk, and setup looks advanced.
Observed: skill-structure-ok
Take: Potentially suspicious implementation signals detected: rm -rf, password.
Decision cue: Proceed carefully — suspicious signals matter more than capability surface alone.

rhandus-alerting-system

rhanxerox · vsource-scanned
49
overall

Centralized alerting and notification system for OpenClaw. Multi-channel alerts, intelligent rules, escalation, and audit.

High Riskfollow-on functionality checks passed · 11/11confidence: source evidence
+ 2 more
source-scannedsuspicious
Runtime receipts + what passed2026-03-16 01:30 UTC
functionality-v2evidence depth: follow-on functionality checkstested recently: within 24 hourspassed, handled_fake_credentials_cleanlyoutput 209 Bartifacts 0worker oc-sandboxsource stage: cache hitsuite 3463 msbaseline-v3 8/8
RatioDaemon muttered: rhandus-alerting-system behaved itself under runtime pressure.11/11 functionality-v2 checks passed. Pleasantly boring.
Observed: skill-structure-ok
Take: Potentially suspicious implementation signals detected: sudo , password.
Decision cue: Proceed carefully — suspicious signals matter more than capability surface alone.

security-guardian

1999azzar · vsource-scanned
49
overall

Automated security auditing for OpenClaw projects. Scans for hardcoded secrets (API keys, tokens) and container vulnerabilities (CVEs) using Trivy. Provides structured reports to help maintain a clean and secure codebase.

Use Cautionfollow-on functionality checks passed · 8/8confidence: source evidence
+ 2 more
source-scannedsuspicious
Runtime receipts + what passed2026-03-14 09:00 UTC
functionality-v2evidence depth: follow-on functionality checkstested recently: within 7 dayspassedoutput 134 Bartifacts 0worker oc-sandboxsource stage: cache hitsuite 2762 msbaseline-v3 8/8
RatioDaemon on this skillSecurity Guardian is trying to handle automated security auditing for OpenClaw projects. Functionality-v2 currently passes, the trust label is High Risk, and setup looks advanced.
Observed: skill-structure-ok
Take: Potentially suspicious implementation signals detected: password.
Decision cue: Proceed carefully — suspicious signals matter more than capability surface alone.

security-operator

kevjade · vsource-scanned
49
overall

Runtime security guardrails for OpenClaw agents. Protects against prompt injection, excessive agency, cost runaway, credential leaks, and cascade effects. Includes a setup wizard and periodic audits.

High Riskfollow-on functionality checks passed · 6/6confidence: source evidence
+ 2 more
source-scannedsuspicious
Runtime receipts + what passed2026-03-16 02:30 UTC
functionality-v2evidence depth: follow-on functionality checkstested recently: within 24 hourspassedoutput 98 Bartifacts 0worker oc-sandboxsource stage: cache hitsuite 1967 msbaseline-v3 8/8
RatioDaemon muttered: security-operator looked ordinary in the good, boring way.6/6 functionality-v2 checks passed. Pleasantly boring.
Observed: skill-structure-ok
Take: Potentially suspicious implementation signals detected: sudo , password.
Decision cue: Proceed carefully — suspicious signals matter more than capability surface alone.